The optoelectronic logic element AND, OR and XOR is considered, the output signal of which can be inverted when the input control signal is applied, thereby converting the logic element into NAND, NOR ...

There are a range of integrated circuits that most of us would regard as definitive examples of their type, devices which became the go-to for a particular function and which have entered our ...

Who would have thought that a circuit comprising only two 2-input NAND gates could be so complicated (or, should we say, “interesting”)? Up to this point (click here to see my earlier columns), the ...